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+title.txt
+
+The MediaWiki software's "Title" class represents article
+titles, which are used for many purposes: as the human-readable
+text title of the article, in the URL used to access the article,
+the wikitext link to the article, the key into the article
+database, and so on. The class in instantiated from one of
+these forms and can be queried for the others, and for other
+attributes of the title. This is intended to be an
+immutable "value" class, so there are no mutator functions.
+
+To get a new instance, call one of the static factory
+methods WikiTitle::newFromURL(), WikiTitle::newFromDBKey(),
+or WikiTitle::newFromText(). Once instantiated, the
+other non-static accessor methods can be used, such as
+getText(), getDBKey(), getNamespace(), etc.
+
+The prefix rules: a title consists of an optional Interwiki
+prefix (such as "m:" for meta or "de:" for German), followed
+by an optional namespace, followed by the remainder of the
+title. Both Interwiki prefixes and namespace prefixes have
+the same rules: they contain only letters, digits, space, and
+underscore, must start with a letter, are case insensitive,
+and spaces and underscores are interchangeable.  Prefixes end
+with a ":". A prefix is only recognized if it is one of those
+specifically allowed by the software. For example, "de:name"
+is a link to the article "name" in the German Wikipedia, because
+"de" is recognized as one of the allowable interwikis. The
+title "talk:name" is a link to the article "name" in the "talk"
+namespace of the current wiki, because "talk" is a recognized
+namespace. Both may be present, and if so, the interwiki must
+come first, for example, "m:talk:name". If a title begins with
+a colon as its first character, no prefixes are scanned for,
+and the colon is just removed. Note that because of these
+rules, it is possible to have articles with colons in their
+names. "E. Coli 0157:H7" is a valid title, as is "2001: A Space
+Odyssey", because "E. Coli 0157" and "2001" are not valid
+interwikis or namespaces. Likewise, ":de:name" is a link to
+the article "de:name"--even though "de" is a valid interwiki,
+the initial colon stops all prefix matching.
+
+Character mapping rules: Once prefixes have been stripped, the
+rest of the title processed this way: spaces and underscores are
+treated as equivalent and each is converted to the other in the
+appropriate context (underscore in URL and database keys, spaces
+in plain text). "Extended" characters in the 0x80..0xFF range
+are allowed in all places, and are valid characters. They are
+encoded in URLs.  Other characters may be ASCII letters, digits,
+hyphen, comma, period, apostrophe, parentheses, and colon. No
+other ASCII characters are allowed, and will be deleted if found
+(they will probably cause a browser to misinterpret the URL).
+Extended characters are _not_ urlencoded when used as text or
+database keys.
+
+Character encoding rules: TODO
+
+Canonical forms: the canonical form of a title will always be
+returned by the object. In this form, the first (and only the
+first) character of the namespace and title will be uppercased;
+the rest of the namespace will be lowercased, while the title
+will be left as is. The text form will use spaces, the URL and
+DBkey forms will use underscores. Interwiki prefixes are all
+lowercase. The namespace will use underscores when returned
+alone; it will use spaces only when attached to the text title.
+
+getArticleID() needs some explanation: for "internal" articles,
+it should return the "cur_id" field if the article exists, else
+it returns 0. For all external articles it returns 0. All of
+the IDs for all instances of Title created during a request are
+cached, so they can be looked up wuickly while rendering wiki
+text with lots of internal links.
+